Building construction



Patented illes. i9, i922,

ADOLPH JNVERNETTE, OIF GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed. December 6, 1921. Serial No. 520,415.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, ADOLPH J. Vvlnnnn'r'rn,

a citizen of the United States, residing at La Crescenta, Glendale, inthe county of Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new anduseful lmprovements in Building Constructions, of which the following isa specification. j

This invention has to do withy a building construction and it is anobject of the invention to provide a construction which is simple,strong, neat and inexpensive.

A feature of the invention is the provision of a construction which canbe applied to, or embodied in, blocks for forming straight walls,corners, etc., and which interlock and form a strong, neat structure.

Another feature of the invention is the eXtreme simplicity of the blocksprovided by the invention, 1n accordancewith the invention two forms ofblocks are employed in forming a straight wall, one form of block beinga simple rectangular slab, the other being a similar slab withflanges atits ends. At corners, the invention may be carried out in variousmanners as will be hereinafter pointed out. All the blocks necessary incarrying out the invention are simple in shape and easy to' handle andtherefore are .practical and desirable for use.

The various objects and features of the invention will be best and morefully understood from the following detailed description of a typicalpreferred form of the in-` vention throughout whichreference is had tothe accompanying drawings in which Fig. l is a horizontal section of aport-ion of a straight wall embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of one kind of corner construction embodying theinvention; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing another hind ofcorner construction embodying the invention; Fig. lis a view similar toFigs. 2 and 3 showing still. another lind of corner constructionembodying the invention; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of awall showing one manner in which the blocks provided by the presentinvention may be laid; Fig. 6 is a view simi lar to Fig. 5 showinganother mannerV in which the blocks provided by the present inventionmay be laid; and Fig. is view similar to Fig. 5 showing another mannerinwhich the blocks provided .by the present invention may be laid.` j YFor forming a straight, or substantially .ends of the body '10preferably in the same direction from, or from the same side of, thebody 12 as l have illustrated in Fig. 1. For ordinary construction it ispreferred that Vthe body 12 berectangular in shape and that the flanges13 be at the eXtreme ends of the body and arranged or disposed trans,versely of the plane of the body.k In a vertical wall structure the body12 of each lock is vertically disposed vand is arran ed to extendlongitudinally of the wall. rghe flanges 13 are vertically disposed and,being transverse to the plane of the body 10, eX- tend transversely ofthe'wall. `When l call the members 10 blocks it does not meanspecifically that they are of any particular size or projection, for, asfar as the present invention is concerned, the members 10 may be shorttruly block-like members or they maybe long and more inthe form ofslabs.

ln accordance with the present invention each flange 13 has a verticallydisposed enlargement or projection 14 at the outer part 'of its innerside and has/a vertically disposed socliet or recess 15 at the innerpart of its inner side. A vertical groove or recess 18 is providedin theouter side of each flange 15 at its inner end, that is. at the end wherethe flange joins the body 12. ln practice the blocks 10 maybe cast orformed of concrete, or the like, so that they are solid continuousmembers and may, if so desired, be provided with reinforcing` 20. 1twill be obvious, of course, that the blocks 10 can be designed andproportioned so that they are strong and so that they can be easily andcheaply cast or otherwise suitably formed. For i'nstancathe proportionsof the parts maybe varied through a wide range without departing fromthe structure or formationnecessary in carrying out the presentinvention and the various corners may be beveled or finished in a mannersuch as l have illustrated in the drawings.

In a wall the blocks 10 are arranged in a lineor end to end withadjacent blocks facing in opposite directions.that is with lthe bodyparts 12 of adjacent blocks at opposite sides of the wall, and with theflanges 13 at adjacent ends of adjacentbloclrs, interloclred orltogether so that their inner sides arev together and so that theprojection 14 longitudinally oi." tho wall.

Each spreader is preferably in the torni of e rectangular slab or blockinst sufficiently long,- to rit between adjacent flanges ot elternateblocks l0, that .is adjacent blocks having their bodies at the saineside ot the wall, as clearly illustrated in other words, each spreaderll lit tween the outer sides of the two lianges arranged in interlockingrelation with the two flanges of a. block, to keep there, spaced apartand thereby positively `prevent their. lroin moving away from theflanges oi the block to become released therefrom. Projections areprovided on the ends ol. the spreaders ll tor extend into the recx es.'l; in the lianges of the blocks so that lthe spreaders are held inplace with their outer laces Q5 .tluih with the outer faces 2G ot thebody ts lil-ct the blocks. The spreadcrs ll. like the blocks l()7 may besolidly cast or :toiffnied of concrete, or the like` and may be providedwith reinln'ceinent 2T.

ln ig. 2 I illustrate onelrind ot corner block orovided by theinvention. @his corner block la has a body lf2 and two llanges 13a. T hebody l2'L1 instead ont being a straight rectangular member4` as in thecase ol the body hereinabove described, is specially shaped to forni acorner and has two ends parts 3() which are vertically disposed butwhich extend in dilerent plants or directions- In the particular caseillustrated in the drawings the end parts l() are at right angfjles toeach othe.l and therefore torni a square corner. il comparati,"relylarge lillet 3l niay be inlined in the corner between the end parts lllto make the block lil solid and strong. The corner block lll is a cornerblock adapted to receive and rooperate with straight wall bloells l()arranged so thatl their bodies l2 are at. the inner side ot the wall.The block l0 has its llanges lila extending inwardly troni the ends oiits end parts 13.V The llanges 11,3" ol the block l0 are the saine inconstriict-ion and torinetion as the lleng'es oliv the blocks l() andtherefore receive and cooperate with the 'l'langes ol the blocks l0 int. -e manner clearly illustrated in the drawings. ln practice the blockL may be 'formed so that there is space between the flanges 13, whichcooperwith the flanges 13a of the block 10g, and the llet 3l which canbe lled with e sulte bly shaped block or which can be filled with aconcrete or the like, as l have illustrated in the drawing,

ln Fig. 3. l illustrate a corner block l0" adapted to receive andcooperate with one block lGkari-anged with its body part at the innerpart of the wall and one block lt) with its body part arranged at tneouter Dart of the wall. rlhe body oit this corner block has one end part30 at the 'outer side of the wall7 a. corner part l0, an end part 30? atthe inner side or" the wall, and flanges llla't the ends olf" the endparte: 30ZL and 30h. The flange lil-5l at the end of the end part 3()d tthe outer part of the wall extends toward 'tile inside of the wall andreceives and cooperates with the A flange 13 of the block l0 having` itsbody part l2 at the inner side oi` the wall. y'lhe flange lh at the endof the end part lili 'extends toward the-outside of the wall andreceives and cooperates with the llange 'i3 of the block l() having itsbodyat the outside of the wall. A spreader part ll extends froin thecorner part el() to engage and eooperste' with the flange i3 cooperatingh the lianes 'lh which entends Jr'rorn the end parts 30hVR in the sainemanner that the spreader-s cooperate with the liangcs throughout theconstruction. rEhe block l0b is preferably designed so that there 'arespaces left when the tlanges l ot the blocks l() are in place inconnection with the lienges S which can be lilled with concreteY-l, or'th like. l y

The corner block l0C shown in Fig. Llof drawiiigs is adapted tocooperate with or ive flanges l' of blocks l0 having their Jodi/es l2 atthe outer sides of the wall. The

the rece' boo y o the block l0e comprises a 'corner part 40 and two endoarts 30C. lllanges 13C exand outwardly troni the ends of the end parts30C. ln this particular corner block 'the end parts 30C are both attheinner side ot the wall and both llanres l extend ontwardly troni the endpaf ys. Spreader parts il. 'extend troni the corner 4;0 to cooperatewith the ,flanges arranged in connection with 'the .flanges lil. From'the drawings it will be obvious how the Hangers lil and spreader' partsell receive and rooperzite with the lianges i3 olf the blocks ill).Although .l have referred to the parts illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and el:as corner blocks', l do not mean that they are necessarily specificallyblocks, as they inz-rlynbe post-like members illustrated in Figs. 5 and6.

lin Figi'. 5 ol the drawings I illustrate one manner in which the.blocks and spreaders provided by the present invention lrnaiy loe laid.ln this particular case the blocks and spreaders are short and are thesame height and adjacent tiers of blocks and spre'aders are staggered oroverlapped so that the blocks and spreaders d o not reg-isser or come.in line vertically. In Fig. 6 of the drawings l show another' manner orarrangement of laying the blocks and spreaders provided by theinvention. ln this arrangement also the blocks and spreaders are thesame height. The blocks l() are arranged so that they are in linevertically but the blocks and spreaders are not in line longitudinallyof the wall. l

By this last mentioned manner of laying the blocks and spreadersadjacent tiers are interlocled so that they cannot shift or moverelative to each other.

In Fig. 7 I illustrate the preferred proportioning and arrangement ofblocks. The corner parts and the spreaders are compara tively7 shortwhile the blocks l0 are long so that they are continuous from the top`to the bottom of the wall.

In practicethe various members of the structure may be cemented 4orotherwise suitably tied together so that all cracks are sealed. Forinstance the inner and also the joining parts of the members may becoated with asphalt, tar or the like, so that the wall is madewaterproof and the joints between the members are tight.

From the foregoing description it will be obvious how the presentinvention provides a simple, effective, sightly construction, how

the various blocks can be easily and inex-r pensively made, how they canbe easily and quickly laid or arranged together, and how they securelyinterlock to form a strong durable structure. Further it will be obvioushow the parts or members may be formed of any suitable material, say,for instance concrete, clay, metal, etc., and how theycan be suitablyreinforced if necessary or desirable.

Having described only a preferred form of my invention l do not wish tolimit myself to the particular details hereinabove set forth but wish toreserve to myself any changes or variations that may appear to thoseskilled in the art or thatl may fall within the scope of the following`claims.

Having described a preferred forni of my invention, l claim:

Il. A structure including, a plurality of blocks each having a body andflanges eze tending transversely from the ends of the body, and aplurality of spacers, the blocks being arranged end to end with thebodies of adjacent blocks at opposite sides of the structure and theflanges at adjacent. ends of adjacent blocks with their inner sides together, the spacers being arranged between thelanges to hold the ilangesat adjacent ends of adjacent blocks together'.

2. A structure including, a plurality of blocks each having a body andvflanges extending transversely from the ends of the body, the flangeshaving projections at their inner vsides and recesses at their innersides inward of the projections, the blocks being arranged end to endwith the bodiesof adjacent blocks at opposite sides of the structure andthe flanges at adjacent ends of adjacent blocks with their inner sidestogether, so that the projections and recesses to endl with the bodiesof adjacent blocks at opposite sides of the structure and the flanges atadjacent ends of adjacent blocks with their inner sides together so thatthe projections and recesses cooperate to hold the blocksagainstrelative transverse movement, and spacers arranged between adjacentflanges of adjacent blocks having their bodies at the same side of thestructure, the spacers having projections extending into the recesses atthe outer sides of the llanges. e. A 'structure including, a pluralityof blocks each having a body and flanges extending transversely from theends of the body, and a plurality of spacers,the blocks being arrangedend to end with the bodies of adjacent blocks at opposite sides of thestructure and the flanges at adjacent ends of adjacent blocks with theirinner sides to gether, the spacers being-arranged to bear against theflanges to hold the flanges at adjacent ends of adjacent blockstogether.

n witness that I claim the foregoingl. have hereunto subscribed my namethis 29th' day of November, 1922.

AnoLri-i J. wnaunfrrn.

